Table of Contents
How is autism diagnosed?
In the constant exploration to comprehend and name the complexities of human behavior, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has stood out as one of the most challenging enigmas. Historically misunderstood and stigmatized, autism now finds clarity and understanding through tools such as the ADOS-2 Test. This standardized and rigorous instrument provides answers to behaviors that parents may find unusual in their children’s development.
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2) is a standardized tool used by healthcare professionals and researchers to assess social communication, interaction, and behavior in individuals who may have ASD.
If you’re starting this process and wondering, “How is autism diagnosed?” continue reading this blog by ABA Centers of Georgia. We will explain how the ADOS-2 diagnostic tool works and the guidelines parents can follow after their children are diagnosed with ASD.
Understanding the Autism Diagnosis
Although some signs of autism may be evident from 18 months, many children do not receive a confirmed diagnosis until later in life, leading to a delay in receiving necessary support for ASD. Early identification of ASD allows for the prompt initiation of treatment services. Moreover, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advises that children receive screening for developmental delays and disabilities as a routine check at 9, 18, and 30 months of age.
And how do these screenings work? While various diagnostic tools exist, such as the ADOS-2, DISCO, and ADI-R, the process typically includes a thorough review of the child’s medical and developmental history, including the observation of critical developmental milestones from infancy. Then, the healthcare professional conducts a clinical evaluation and the standardized test to assess aspects such as communication, social interaction, interests, and repetitive behaviors.
This multidisciplinary assessment may involve psychologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, and other specialists to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the individual’s characteristics and needs.
How Does ADOS-2 Test Diagnose Autism?
Since its update in 2002 by Dr. Catherine Lord, the ADOS-2 has been a fundamental support for professionals by guiding ASD diagnosis. According to the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, the ADOS-2 demonstrates a sensitivity to correctly identify those with autism, ranging from 89% to 92%, and a specificity in the ability to correctly identify those without autism, ranging from 81% to 85%, making it an essential tool.
The ADOS-2 test consists of a series of structured activities designed to observe and evaluate social behavior, communication, and other behaviors associated with autism. These activities are tailored to different developmental levels and linguistic abilities, allowing for use with children and adults across a wide range of ages and functioning levels.
During the assessment with the ADOS-2, a trained professional observes how the individual interacts in social situations and communicates verbally and non-verbally. The provider will look for specific signs related to ASD, such as difficulty maintaining eye contact, lack of reciprocity in social interaction, repetitive patterns of behavior, or restricted interests.
The scores and observations obtained during the ADOS-2 are combined with other clinical assessments and individual history information to aid in the autism diagnostic process.
ADOS-2 Modules
The ADOS-2 test includes four modules designed for individuals with different communication abilities and stages of development. Each module assesses social interaction, communication skills, and behaviors. Let’s take a closer look at what each module offers:
Module 1: Specifically created for nonverbal individuals with limited speech, this module focuses on improving communication and social interaction through play-based and structured activities.
Module 2: Aimed towards individuals with basic speech abilities, this module concentrates on enhancing communication skills and social interactions by customizing activities based on the individual’s language level.
Module 3: Used for individuals aged five and above with verbal fluency, Module 3 evaluates communication skills and social interaction comprehensively. Its main objective is to enhance the communication abilities of those who already have verbal fluency.
Module 4: Apply with adolescents and adults who are verbally fluent. The assessment includes conversations to observe social interactions, discuss topics of interest, and assess understanding of nonverbal cues. It also includes activities to encourage creative thinking, providing insights into flexibility and abstract reasoning.
What to Do After an Autism Diagnosis
Upon receiving the autism diagnosis of your child, it is understandable that families may feel a wide range of emotions and face uncertainties about how to proceed. It’s okay to feel somewhat lost, but it’s also essential to act promptly so that your child can develop skills that will serve them for a lifetime. Here are some tips that could help:
- Seek reliable information and resources about autism to understand the characteristics and needs of your child
- You are not alone. Look for local or online support groups where you can connect with other families who are going through similar experiences.
- Consider different therapeutic approaches, such as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and play therapy, according to your child’s needs and goals
- Understand the goals and techniques used in the ABA program and work collaboratively with therapists to implement strategies at home that support your child’s progress
- Remember to take care of your physical and emotional health. Self-care is essential to providing the best possible support to your child. Don’t hesitate to ask for help when needed, and take time to rest and recharge.
ABA Centers of Georgia and Autism Testing
Through tools like the ADOS-2 test and evidence-based interventions like ABA therapy, individuals with autism can receive the support they need to thrive. Remember, an autism diagnosis is not the end of the road but the beginning of a journey toward empowerment, acceptance, and fulfillment.
ABA Centers of Georgia has provided comprehensive support, expertise, and highly personalized ABA therapies to families in Alpharetta, Atlanta, Buckhead, and Marietta. We understand how crucial it is to find the right path for your child, and we’re here to assist you every step of the way.
Call us at (855) 929-5058 to speak with our specialists or schedule a free consultation. Discover how we can make a difference together and provide your child with the support they deserve.
ABA Centers of Georgia and Autism Testing
Through tools like the ADOS-2 test and evidence-based interventions like ABA therapy, individuals with autism can receive the support they need to thrive. Remember, an autism diagnosis is not the end of the road but the beginning of a journey toward empowerment, acceptance, and fulfillment.
ABA Centers of Georgia has provided comprehensive support, expertise, and highly personalized ABA therapies to families in Alpharetta, Atlanta, Buckhead, and Marietta. We understand how crucial it is to find the right path for your child, and we’re here to assist you every step of the way.
Call us at (855) 929-5058 to speak with our specialists or schedule a free consultation. Discover how we can make a difference together and provide your child with the support they deserve.
